Treatment Outcomes in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in Kaduna state, Northwestern Nigeria

Authors

  • U Idris Infectious Disease Control Hospital, State Ministry of Health Kaduna, Nigeria
  • AM Oyefabi DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCE, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, KADUNA STATE UNIVERSITY, NIGERIA
  • MM Dalhat Infectious Disease Control Hospital, State Ministry of Health Kaduna, Nigeria
  • IM Umar Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Nigeria
  • M Abdulmajid Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Nigeria
  • J Gwamna Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Nigeria
  • AS Mahmud Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60787/tnhj.v23i1.653

Keywords:

COVID 19, Comorbidities, Outcome, Retrospective, Diabetes care

Abstract

Background: Severe COVID-19 disease has been reported among people with underlying conditions such as diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. This study determined the outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with comorbidities in Kaduna state, where we have the highest incidence in northern Nigeria.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional review of the clinical records involving all age groups of 902 COVID-19 patients admitted at the four isolation centers of the Kaduna State Infectious Disease Control Centre (IDCC) between March 27th 2020 to December 31st 2021. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 25 and STATA SE 12 with p <0.05.

Results: Out of the 902 cases, 245 (27.2%) had comorbidities, hypertension 206(22.8%) was the most recorded comorbidity, others were diabetes 77(8.5%), asthma 7 (0.78%), HIV 7(0.78%), sickle cell anemia 7 (0.78%) and PTB 3 (0.33%). Patients with comorbidities had prolonged mean duration of symptoms 8.36±3.5 days, compared to 7.2±2.7 days in those without comorbidities (p=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further shows that the odds for clinical recovery from the COVID-19 disease was significantly lower for patient with hypertension (AOR=0.13, 95%CI=0.06-0.27, p = <0.01), diabetic (AOR=0.20, 95% CI=0.10-0.40, p<0.01) and HIV comorbidities (AOR=0.1, 95%CI=0.01-0.98, p=0.05) compared to those without comorbidities

Conclusion: Hypertension and diabetes were the major comorbidities in this study. Most patients with comorbidities had severe presentations and fatal poorer outcome. There is a need for sustained public health education targeted at patients with chronic diseases to be screened and treated early for COVID 19 Disease. 

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Published

2023-03-11

How to Cite

Idris, U., OYEFABI, A. M., Dalhat, M. M., Umar, I. M., Abdulmajid, M., Gwamna, J., & Mahmud, A. S. (2023). Treatment Outcomes in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in Kaduna state, Northwestern Nigeria . The Nigerian Health Journal, 23(1), 524–559. https://doi.org/10.60787/tnhj.v23i1.653

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